The skimmer is one of the most important pieces of equipment for a reef aquarium. It removes dissolved organic matter before it degrades and pollutes the water. But how do you choose the right model?
Why is a skimmer essential?
The skimmer works by creating fine air bubbles that capture proteins and other organic waste. This waste is then evacuated into a collection cup. This process:
- Improves water quality by removing waste before decomposition
- Increases oxygenation through air mixing
- Reduces nitrates and phosphates upstream
- Stabilizes pH by evacuating excess CO2
Types of skimmers
Internal skimmer
Placed directly in the sump or main tank.
- ✅ Compact and easy to install
- ✅ Less expensive
- ❌ Takes up space in the sump
- ❌ Generally less efficient
External skimmer
Installed next to the sump with a feed pump.
- ✅ More efficient
- ✅ Frees up space in the sump
- ❌ More bulky
- ❌ Requires more complex installation
Hang-on-back skimmer (HOB)
Hung on the edge of the tank, ideal for small aquariums without a sump.
- ✅ No sump needed
- ✅ Simple installation
- ❌ Limited capacity
- ❌ Less aesthetic
How to size your skimmer?
The general rule is to choose a skimmer sized for 1.5 to 2 times your aquarium volume:
| Tank volume | Recommended skimmer |
|---|---|
| 25-50 gal | Skimmer for 50-100 gal |
| 50-100 gal | Skimmer for 100-200 gal |
| 100-150 gal | Skimmer for 200-300 gal |
Factors to consider
- Population: A heavily stocked tank needs a more powerful skimmer
- Feeding: The more you feed, the harder the skimmer works
- Corals: SPS corals are more demanding on water quality
Recommended brands
Here are some brands known for their quality:
- Bubble Magus: Excellent value for money
- Nyos: High-end, very quiet
- Royal Exclusiv: The best for large volumes
- Tunze: German reliability
- Deltec: A reference for years
Skimmer maintenance
To maintain your skimmer's efficiency:
- Clean the cup 2-3 times per week
- Clean the body monthly
- Check the pump every 6 months
- Replace seals annually
Conclusion
Choosing a good skimmer is a long-term investment. Don't hesitate to get a slightly oversized model for extra margin. With Blue, you can note your maintenance operations and track your water quality over time.
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